The Fiji islands Fiji is a republic in the southern Pacific Ocean. Fiji comprises 332 islands and islets, but only 110 of them are inhabited. Geography Location: Southern Pacific Ocean, Melanesia, 2,500 km north of New Zealand in the south Pacific Ocean. Area: 18,274 km2 Climate: tropical marine, only slight seasonal temperature variation. Average temperature is 25øC Terrain: Mostly mountains of volcanic origin Natural resources: timber, fish , gold , copper, oil, sugar, molasses The largest and most important islands are Viti Levu and Vanua Levu, which together comprise more than 85% of the total land area. Viti Levu has most mountains and the highest peak, Mount Tomaniivi (1323 m). People Population: 765.000 Ethnic divisions: Fijian 49%, Indian 46%, European, other Pacific Islanders, Chinese, and other 5% Religions: Christian 52%, Hindu 38%, Muslim 8%, other 2%. (Fijians are mainly Christian, Indians are Hindu, and there is a Muslim minority. Languages: English (official), Fijian, Hindustani Literacy: 86% of the total population over 15 year can read and write Economy Principal crops are coconuts, sugarcane, ginger, rice, cacao, coffee, corn, bananas, sweet potatoes, kava, taro, beans, pumpkins, pineapples and tobacco. The livestock of Fiji is 159 000 cattle, 60 000 goats and 29 000 pigs. The industrial include sawmills, sugar, coconut oil, tuna, rice, copra dryers, pineapple factories, dairies, slaughterhouses and biscuit and tea factories. The Fiji has also a well-developed handicraft industry. They are making mats, baskets, fishing nets, and pottery. They are also skilled carpenters, boatbuilders, farmers, and fishers. Tourism's is a big source of income. Currency: 1 Fiji dollar (F$) = 100 cents History 1643 The Fiji islands were sighted by the Dutch navigator Abel Janszoon Tasman. 1774 The turtle islands was discovery by the British navigator Captain James Cook. 1840 USA did the first complete survey of the islands. 1874 The Fiji islands were unconditionally ceded to Great Britain by the Fijian king Thakombau. 1881 The Routoma become a colony. 1939-45 During the World War II Fiji became an important Allied supply station and lot of air and naval installations were constructed here. 1970 Fiji became an independent state and a member of United Nations 1987 Lieutenant Colonel Rabuka become president after a military coup. 1992 Rabuka was elected prime minister, and was reelected 1994. Suva Suva is the capital of Fiji. Suva is placed on Fijiïs biggest island Viti Levu. Fijiïs chief seaport is in Suva.